Genel

Does the Specificity of the Cause Prevent the Generality of the Ruling?

halka
No Image

The maxim stating that the specificity of the cause does not prevent the generality of the ruling is a rule that has an equivalent in everyday language and reality, and can even be better understood in this context. Generally, our daily conversations are shaped by the events we experience and what happens to us. We use certain expressions in certain contexts. However, the expression we use in a relevant context does not have to be specific to that context; in fact, our judgments mostly contain generalizations. We can consider the words spoken by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in response to the events experienced during the Age of Bliss (Asr al-Sa’adah) in this manner as well. The Prophet did not have a habit of setting specific times and explaining general rulings at these times as if delivering general maxims. Most of the time, an event would occur and the Prophet would issue a ruling regarding it. In such situations, the principle is that the ruling is general. Because the Prophet is in the position of conveying the message (tabligh) and legislating (tashri’). It requires bringing evidence to claim that the ruling is specific to that context. Furthermore, the limited lifespan of the Prophet and the scope of the revelation make it impossible to issue separate rulings for every single particular instance. Viewing the specificity of the cause as an obstacle to the generality of the ruling leads to a certain limitation of religion’s guidance and direction in the situations that the post-Companion generations will face. This being the case, it is more accurate to consider as the fundamental principle that the Lawgiver intended a general ruling, keeping the objectives of religion in mind.